Relevansi Illat Al-Quran dalam Menjawab Persoalan-persoalan di Era Modern: Modernisasi Metodologi Tafsir

الملخص

This research employs a library research method. The study aims to reveal the relevance of illat (legal cause) in the Qur'an in addressing modern problems. The findings indicate that illat is a characteristic or reason forming the basis for the establishment of Sharia law, whether for enacting, abrogating, or preventing the application of a ruling. According to scholars, illat is a clear, consistent (mundhabit), and relevant characteristic aligned with the purpose of the law, which is to achieve benefits (maslahah) and avert harm (mafsadah). The methods for establishing illat include: 1) nash (Qur'an and Hadith); 2) Ijma' (scholarly consensus); and 3) As-Sabru wat-Taqsim — analysis and investigation of relevant characteristics by scholars. In addressing contemporary issues, scholars utilize: 1) mafhum muwafaqah (implicit understanding from the text), either in the form of fahwāl-khitab or lahn al-khitab; 2) dilālatu al-nash (extension of rulings based on similar or strengthened illat); and 3) qiyas (legal analogy based on the shared illat between new issues and original rulings in the Qur'an or Hadith). This approach ensures that the Qur'an remains relevant and responsive to the dynamics of the modern era, while adhering to authentic and logical principles.