Pandangan Hakim Pengadilan Agama Kota Medan tentang Legalitas Akun Konten Digital Sebagai Harta Bersama
Abstract
The development of the digital economy in Medan City has made social media accounts (Instagram, TikTok, YouTube) function as income-generating family assets. However, their immaterial nature and the platform's privacy regulations create obstacles in determining their status and distribution as joint assets during divorce. This study aims to clarify the legal status of digital accounts as joint assets, analyze the legal considerations of Medan Religious Court Judges, and formulate a fair and practical distribution pattern. Using a qualitative juridical-empirical method (socio-legal research) with semi-structured interviews with the leadership and senior judges of the Medan City Religious Court and a study of legal materials, the results of the study indicate that digital accounts substantively meet the qualifications for joint assets based on the huquq maliyah doctrine in contemporary muamalah fiqh. Medan City Religious Court Judges have progressively established the principle of economic value as the main barometer for determining joint assets as long as they generate financial conversion during marriage. The distribution and execution mechanism can be carried out through two legal constructions, namely liquidation/sale of accounts or shared access control with the distribution of royalties/passive income, although the courts still face challenges in the aspect of proof (onus probandi) related to activity, turnover, and the period of account creation.
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