Analisis Siyasah Qadha’iyyah terhadap Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Diskualifikasi Calon Bupati Pesawaran Lampung
Abstract
The issue of disqualifying regional head candidates in disputes over Regional Head Election (Pilkada) results has become a significant concern in constitutional law, as it raises debates regarding the scope of the Constitutional Court's authority as the guardian of the Constitution. This debate became increasingly relevant following the issuance of Constitutional Court Decision Number 20/PHPU.BUP-XXIII/2025, which disqualified a candidate for Regent of Pesawaran due to the failure to fulfill the candidacy requirements stipulated by laws and regulations. The decision demonstrates that the Constitutional Court not only functions as an institution for resolving election result disputes but also possesses the authority to assess the legality of candidacies, which may affect the legitimacy of the democratic process. This study aims to examine the Constitutional Court's authority in disqualifying the Pesawaran Regent candidate and to analyze such authority from the perspective of Siyasah Qadha'iyyah. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The data were obtained through library research, including legislation, Constitutional Court decisions, legal literature, and relevant Islamic legal sources, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the Constitutional Court's authority to disqualify regional head candidates constitutes part of its role in upholding the principles of justice, legal certainty, and democratic integrity. From the perspective of Siyasah Qadha'iyyah, such authority is consistent with the concept of wilayah al-qadha', which grants judicial institutions the power to resolve disputes, enforce the law, protect public rights, and promote public welfare (maslahah). Therefore, the disqualification of the Pesawaran Regent candidate in Constitutional Court Decision Number 20/PHPU.BUP-XXIII/2025 may be regarded as a form of law enforcement that not only possesses constitutional legitimacy but also reflects the values of justice and public welfare as recognized in Islamic law
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